Visual examination of weld joint is an important activity, carried out to check the integrity and soundness of the weldment. It is an economical activity, as it doesn’t require any costly equipment. It must be carried out by a well experienced inspector. Main responsibilities of a welding inspector are: Code compliance Workmanship control Documentation Control […]
Visual Inspection of Weld Joints Read More »
Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW), commonly known as TIG Welding, is a highly precise welding method that utilizes a non-consumable tungsten electrode. This technique is favored across various industries, including aerospace, automotive, and construction, for its ability to produce high-quality welds. In this guide, we will explore the fundamentals of TIG welding, its components, advantages, limitations,
Mastering TIG Welding: The Comprehensive Guide to Gas Tungsten Arc Welding Read More »
A welding procedure specification (WPS) is a written document providing direction to the welder (or welding operator). It contains all the necessary parameters viz. joints, base metals, filler metals, positions, preheat, PWHT, gas etc. (including ranges, if any) under which the welding process must be performed. These parameters are known as variables (as per ASME
How to write a Welding Procedure Specification (WPS) Read More »
Hydrotest a kind of pressure test in which the component being tested is filled completely with water or another liquid. Pressure, if required, is then applied to the liquid for the required time and the outside of the component is examined visually for leaks. Let us see, how the test from planning through execution is
Sections of ASME Boiler and Pressure vessel Codes (BPVC) The following list includes some of the most widely used Boiler and Pressure Vessel codes (BPVC) prepared and published by ASME. Section I……………………Rules for construction of Power Boilers Section II…………………..Materials Part A. Ferrous Material Specifications Part B. Nonferrous Material Specifications Part C. Specifications for Welding, Rods, Electrodes
ASME Codes and Standards – A summary Read More »
Any discontinuity (or irregularity) in the weld metal, which exceeds the applicable code limit, is termed as a WELD DEFECT (or Welding Defect). Please note that a discontinuity can be called as a defect only when if it exceeds the specified code limit, hence we can say that every defect present in the weld metal
About radiography films: Radiography films are primarily made up of two things; 1. Base 2. Emulsion Base: Base is a transparent, flexible blue tinted object, usually made from a clear and flexible plastic such as cellulose acetate. It provides physical support to emulsion and does not participate in the image-forming process. It is not sensitive
Development Of Radiography Film Read More »
Radiography testing (RT) is one of the most widely used non-destructive test (NDT) methods. With the help of this method, we can detect hidden flaws or discontinuities present in welds such as cracks, porosity & blowholes, slag, flux or oxide inclusions, lack of fusion, incomplete penetration, Mismatch, and tungsten inclusion, etc. Short wavelength electromagnetic radiations
Radiography Test (RT) Read More »
1. Which of the following butt weld preparations is generally most susceptible to lack of side wall fusion during MMA welding? A “U” preparation A “V” preparation A Double V preparation All of the above 2. Which of the following units is used for charpy V notch energy? Pounds per square inch Joules KSi All
Preparatory Questions (Set – 7) Read More »
1. Which of the following processes joins metals plastically? Friction welding Resistance welding Plasma welding None of the above 2. In submerged arc welding, excessive arc voltage may cause? Excessive penetration Change in weld metal composition Narrow weld width All of the above 3. In a tensile test, a brittle material would be indicated
Preparatory Questions (Set – 6) Read More »
1. Which of the following NDT methods can only detect surface breaking defects? MPI DPI UT RT 2. Which of the following is applicable to electrode efficiency? The mass of metal deposited as a percentage of the mass core wire melted Iron powder electrodes have efficiencies above 100% Electrodes of high efficiencies tend
Preparatory Questions (Set – 5) Read More »
1. Which of the following does not require baking; E 6010 E 7018 Both a & b None of the above 2. Gamma rays and X-rays are part of a family of waves called Acoustic waves Light waves Electromagnetic waves Transverse waves 3. Why is hot – pass so-called? Because it is
Preparatory Questions (Set – 4) Read More »
1. Overlap in welds could be influenced by: Welding process Welding position Poor welding technique All the above 2. In MAG/CO2 welding which parameter gives the greatest control of weld appearance during dip transfer or short-circuiting welding? Wire stick-out length Welder’s convenience Wire feed speed Inductance 3. In X-ray work the quality of the radiographic
Preparatory Questions (Set – 3) Read More »
1. Stress relieving is not helpful in which of the following cases? Softening the steel Lowering the peak residual stress Improving resistance to stress corrosion cracking Improving dimensional stability after machining 2. Stray arcing may be regarded as a serious defect because: It may reduce the thickness dimension of a component It may cause liquation
Preparatory Questions (Set – 2) Read More »
1. The Discontinuity which results from the entrapment of gas within the weld cross-section is known as: Undercut Lack of penetration Lack of fusion Porosity 2. A discontinuity can be called as a defect only when; It is a Linear indication It is a rounded indication It exceeds the code limit if it is a
Preparatory Questions (Set – 1) Read More »
Welding symbols are a set of information conveyed by the design department to the welding Engineer and the welding operator. It contains all the necessary information viz. welding position, dimensions and geometry of the weld, details of groove/fillet, welding process, etc. A basic weld symbol consists of three parts namely; Arrow Line Reference Line Tail
Welding Symbols (Part -1) Read More »
Understanding Joints in Welding A joint is the connection point between two components being joined together, or it can also refer to the specific arrangement of these components. Importantly, the type of joint is not determined by the welding process employed. Below are the various types of joints commonly used: Types of Joints Butt Joint
Types of joints in welding Read More »
In GTAW (Gas Tungsten Arc Welding) also known as TIG welding (Tungsten Inert Gas welding), a non consumable electrode (made up of Tungsten) is used. Tungsten is preferred due to high its high melting point (approximately 3,4100C) and high hardness. Either pure tungsten is used as electrode or it can be alloyed with other elements.
TIG Welding (GTAW) Electrodes Read More »
This article is about different welding test positions used in Plate Welding, Pipe Welding & Stud Welding. Plate Welding Test Positions In plate welding, we have four different positions namely; Flat position (1G or 1F) Horizontal Position (2G or 2F) Vertical Position (3G or 3F) Overhead Position (4G or 4F) Note: 1. G Designates groove
What is Steel? Steel is an alloy of Iron (the concept of alloy is explained below) and the principal or main alloying element is Carbon. Hence, The main or base element in steel is: Iron Main (principal) alloying element in steel is: Carbon Other alloying elements in steel are: Manganese, Silicon, Nickel, Chromium,
Types of steel – Classification of steel Read More »
GMAW (MIG welding) electrodes are designated by some letters and numbers such as ER70S-6, ER90S-6 and E308L etc. I will explain the meaning of these symbols: FOR CARBON STEEL OR MILD STEEL (SUCH AS ER70S-6 OR ER70S-3) Where, ER – Designates electrode or filler rod XX – Designates the minimum tensile strength of the deposited
GMAW (MIG Welding) electrode specification Read More »
MIG welding or Metal Inert Gas Welding is also known as Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW). In MIG welding process, consumable electrode is used in the form of filler wire and a shielding gas such as Argon, Helium, Carbon dioxide or a mixture of these gases are used. These gases shield the molten weld pool
MIG Welding – Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) Read More »
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) is also known as Manual Metal Arc Welding (MMAW) or stick welding. It is a manual arc welding process that uses a consumable electrode (covered with flux). The electrode is connected with one terminal of the power source and the work is connected with the other terminal of the power
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) Read More »
Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) electrodes are designated by “E” followed by four (or five) digits for example: E7018, E6013 or E10018. I will explain the meaning of these symbols: IF THE ELECTRODE HAS “E” FOLLOWED BY FOUR DIGITS (FOR EX. E7018) E – Stands for electrode XX – First two digits designates the minimum
Welding electrodes – Understanding the SMAW electrode symbols Read More »
Welding is a process of permanently joining two parts (permanent fusion) by the application of heat and (or) pressure. Filler metal may be added to the joint depending on the welding process and the type of joint. The American Welding Society (AWS) has recognized more than 50 different types of welding processes, some of them are
Types Of Welding – Classification of welding processes Read More »
Dye Penetrant Test (DPT) is one of the most inexpensive non-destructive test (NDT) methods, used to check the surface irregularities of any component. This test method is popular by many names, which are as follows; Liquid Penetrant Inspection (LPI) Liquid Penetrant testing or Liquid Penetrant test (LPT) Penetrant Test or Penetrant Testing (PT) The liquid
Dye Penetrant Test (DPT, LPI, PT) – Non Destructive Test Read More »
Welder Performance Qualification (WPQ) also known as Welder Qualification Test (WQT) or Performance Qualification is a very basic but one of the most important steps before assigning a job to the welder. The welder qualification test (WQT) is performed to determine the skill of a welder, in other words, we can say that the welder
Welder Qualification Test (Performance Qualification) Read More »
